Bookshelf: Examining Complicity

Photo by Austen Diamond

Amos Guiora recently visited the villa on the outskirts of Berlin where high-ranking Nazi officials made the decision to proceed with the “Final Solution” more than 75 years ago. The plan would lead to the genocide of 6 million European Jews, including the S.J. Quinney College of Law professor’s grandparents on May 26, 1944.

Returning to the place where his grandparents received their death sentence is always difficult for Guiora. “The first time I went, I feared I’d become physically ill… I made myself stand where Adolf Eichmann and Reinhard Heydrich (high-ranking Nazi officials) drank cognac and smoked cigars at the meeting. As a cigar smoker myself (and knowing the history of the meeting), I brought one with me and smoked it as soon as possible,” says Guiora. “It was, for me, victory.”

Guiora has visited Europe for research on several occasions. His interest started after telling a friend about what happened to his family during the Holocaust. She asked, “How the hell did this happen?” And Guiora says that’s the real question that intrigued him—not how the Nazis could be so evil, but, how could bystanders sit by and watch it happen? And he’s come to a remarkable conclusion: that bystanders should have a legal obligation, not just a moral obligation, to act. And that bystander inaction should be considered a crime punishable by law.

Guiora explores this legal obligation in his book The Crime of Complicity: The Bystander in the Holocaust. After years of study, he concluded that without bystander complicity, the Holocaust would never have happened.

Intertwined with the stories of his parents and grandparents, his book explores how bystanders could have intervened in three distinct events during World War II. He also examines recent and relevant examples where bystander action could have prevented serious crimes. For example, a Vanderbilt football player named Brandon Vandenburg was convicted in 2016 of raping an unconscious girl in his dorm room while his roommate Mack Prioleau pretended to be asleep. Prioleau later went across the hall without alerting authorities or checking on the woman. Vandenburg was sentenced to 17 years in prison, and Prioleau faced no criminal charges. In this case, Guiora says, the bystander had an obligation to intervene.

However, Guiora doesn’t propose that bystanders have an obligation to physically intervene and, in most cases, says this obligation could be met by simply dialing 911 or otherwise alerting the authorities.

His own father, who had a harrowing ordeal escaping the Nazis during WWII, and who passed away while Guiora was writing this book, pushed back on the idea of bystander complicity. He told his son, “You weren’t there; you don’t know.”

And Guiora understands the criticism. While drawing lessons from history is complex and immensely difficult, rigorously examining our past is necessary to improve the future, he says.

Guiora is working with Utah State Representative Brian King to legislate a “Bystander Bill” imposing on bystanders the obligation to dial 911 when seeing someone in peril. And he hopes continued discussion about issues related to his teaching and research at the U will bring to light broader contemplation in the community about standing up for what is right.

Read more about Guiora’s work in the previous Continuum article here. To order this book, visit crimeofcomplicity.com.

—Melinda Rogers is the director of editorial, media, and content strategy at the S. J. Quinney College of Law.

 

Defending Innocence

DeMarlo Berry walked out of a Las Vegas prison last summer after spending half of his life behind bars for a crime he didn't commit. Dressed in prison blues, he hardly recognized the city that greeted him, a place he’d last stepped foot in two decades before in 1995, when he was sentenced to life in prison for fatally shooting a man outside a Carl’s Jr. during a robbery.

At the time, there was no physical evidence linking Berry to the crime: No gun, no fingerprints, and no DNA. However, there was a jailhouse snitch who falsely claimed that Berry had confessed to the crime while they shared a jail holding cell. Four eyewitnesses also provided inconsistent and only general descriptions of the perpetrator—but those descriptions were enough to convince a jury that Berry was guilty. And for years, there seemed to be no hope for Berry, who maintained his innocence.

But in 2011, a group of University of Utah alumni and students, working with the Rocky Mountain Innocence Center (RMIC), took on Berry’s case and set out to bring new evidence to light that a jury had sent the wrong man to prison.

The RMIC is a nonprofit organization that partners with the U’s S.J. Quinney College of Law to match students with cases that could potentially prove the innocence of the wrongfully convicted. Students receive not only academic credit but also valuable and unparalleled hands-on legal experience. Once they have completed an investigation and a case is ready for litigation, the center recruits local attorneys to help bring the case to court.

The innocence center agreed to take Berry’s case from the many requests it receives each month because his had several signs of a wrongful conviction—unreliable eyewitness identification, incentivized informant testimony, the failure to investigate alternative suspects, and possible untested DNA evidence. Although it soon became clear that no DNA was available to exonerate Berry, other information pointed distinctly to his innocence. Thus, after the center gathered new evidence in Berry’s case—including a confession from the actual killer—the law firms of Richards Brandt Miller Nelson and Weil & Drage joined in litigating the case and ultimately proved Berry innocent of all charges. A judge signed an order that Berry immediately be released from prison in June 2017.

College of Law Clinical Professor Jensie Anderson BFA’85 JD’93 was among the group of Utah attorneys who began a post-conviction investigation on Berry’s behalf. “It was a long, hard fight for DeMarlo, but he never lost his faith,”says Anderson, who also serves as pro bono legal director of the RMIC. For her—as well as U alums and attorneys Craig C. Coburn BS’77 JD’80, Jennifer Springer BS’09 JD’14, Samantha Wilcox JD’14, and Lynn S. Davies BA’77 BA’78 JD’81—fighting to bring the truth of Berry’s innocence to light and succeeding in freeing him will be forever memorable.

“Upon first hearing DeMarlo’s story, I was horrified by the apparent miscarriage of justice that had sent an innocent man to prison for his entire adult life. As I examined the evidence more critically, I became convinced of his innocence and knew I had to help,” says Davies, who was with the rest of the legal team in Nevada to pick up Berry from prison, fittingly just before Independence Day. “Seeing DeMarlo stand in the sweltering Las Vegas sun, finally a free man, was beyond gratifying—it was a major highlight of my legal career.”

Davies learned about the case from his colleague Wilcox, who signed on to it while a law student at the U. At the heart of Berry’s exoneration were endless hours of work by Wilcox and several other U students who, as part of their clinical experience with RMIC, painstakingly built the case that proved Berry’s innocence. A key part of the evidence that would ultimately persuade Nevada prosecutors to ask that the case against Berry be dismissed was gathered by Wilcox as a student.

“I really believed in him, and I wanted to keep helping him,” Wilcox says of Berry. “I think all innocence stories are intriguing,” she adds. “Students are really exposed to the grittiness of the situation. We get to go visit with the clients and hear their stories. You get to look into their eyes and gauge their sincerity and honesty.”

It was Wilcox who elicited a confession from Steven Jackson, the real killer in the case that landed Berry behind bars. In 1994, Jackson had been a gang leader who police believed had been involved in, but not responsible for, the fatal shooting at the Carl’s Jr. Wilcox tracked Jackson to a California prison—where he was serving a sentence of life without parole for another murder—and traveled there to interview him in person. When she explained she was investigating Berry's claims of innocence, Jackson answered simply, "I've been waiting for you for 15 years."

Jackson eventually confessed to the crime, which led to an a davit that started the proceedings to finally clear Berry. That evidence—along with several witnesses, including a forensic expert corroborating Jackson’s confession, a recantation from the incentivized jailhouse informant, and a close examination of nine additional eyewitnesses—gave the innocence center what it needed to bring Berry’s case back to court.

Springer, who was also a student when she started working on the case and ultimately joined the RMIC as its managing attorney, recalls the powerful emotions of the team members, who had spent thousands of hours working to free the man. “Everyone was just ecstatic. There were many, many tears of joy.”

“Achieving justice for DeMarlo tops everything,” adds Coburn. He recalls first meeting Berry in person at the prison in 2014, when Coburn told Berry he’d one day walk out a free man. The day Berry was released, he shared a moment with Coburn. “Amidst the tears, hugs, and smiles, he reminded me of what I had said to him as we parted ways after our first meeting,” Coburn recounts. “He smiled and said, ‘Here we are.’ For a lawyer, it doesn’t get any better than that.”

Berry—now pursuing a career as a barber (a job he held in prison)—says he’s grateful the team from Utah gave him his life back. He also married while in prison and today enjoys a peaceful existence in Las Vegas. “If they wasn’t as thorough as they were, we wouldn’t be here,” says Berry about his attorneys’ efforts. “Nobody would be concerned about me or anything. I’d just be another number in prison.”

—Melinda Rogers is communications manager for the U’s S.J. Quinney College of Law.

Citizen for Two Voices

Chances are that if you studied at the University of Utah, at least once in your student career you picked up a copy of Utah’s largest newspaper, The Salt Lake Tribune, to catch up on the daily news. Like other papers across the country, the Tribune in recent years has suffered from a shrinking circulation and a rocky transition adapting to a digital age, resulting in fewer resources and a smaller staff.

But about four years ago, The Tribune was dealt a particularly challenging hand: the newspaper’s New York-based hedge fund owners sold half of the paper’s future revenue to its competitor, The Deseret News, for a significant quick profit. The business arrangement forced The Trib to further cut employees and even more resources—a pattern that seemed dangerously set to repeat itself if a new agreement wasn’t reached.

The scenario alarmed Joan O’Brien JD’03, a former Tribune reporter and editor, who left the news business after a successful journalism career to attend the S.J. Quinney College of Law. She and a group of Tribune supporters formed a nonprofit—Citizens for Two Voices—to fundraise and create a legal team to reverse the business decision that had left the Trib in a perilous position. The group later filed a federal lawsuit to fight for the Tribune’s future. At the heart of the issue was the Newspaper Preservation Act, a federal law that provides an antitrust exemption to competing daily newspapers, so communities can essentially benefit from having a multitude of news voices reporting.

After a lengthy legal saga, The Trib was sold last year to Utah philanthropist and businessman Paul Huntsman, a move categorized by many as positive for The Tribune’s future. O’Brien and other supporters dropped their federal lawsuit and have been credited with playing a significant role in keeping the newspaper alive.

“Several years ago, I wrote a letter of recommendation for a Salt Lake Tribune staffer applying for admission to the University of Utah law school. One of my lines was: Journalism’s loss will be the law’s gain. That reporter was Joan O’Brien, and now, 16 years later, I must amend that sentiment,” former Tribune editor Terry Orme wrote in a June 2016 column praising O’Brien’s legal efforts on behalf of the newspaper. “During the past three years, O’Brien has deployed her legal expertise in the service of journalism, more specifically in her selfless, tireless, and sometimes thankless campaign to save The Salt Lake Tribune, and keep it as Utah’s informational watchdog and investigative beacon.”

O’Brien’s love for the newspaper runs deep. “It’s a family affair,” explains O’Brien, whose father was the Tribune’s publisher in the 1980s. After the deals closed for the paper to be purchased by Huntsman, a Tribune reporter tweeted about how he’d be mowing lawns if it weren’t for O’Brien’s efforts. And now, one year since its new lease on life, The Trib continues to serve the Utah community—and just this spring, received a Pulitzer Prize for Local Reporting (for a series on campus sexual assault issues in Utah), a remarkable reward after its potentially close call.

“Through legal wrangling, and at times sheer willpower, Joan helped ensure that The Tribune’s difficult financial position remained in the public eye,” says Jennifer Napier-Pearce BA’91, the paper’s editor. “I can safely say the entire newsroom salutes her persistence and undying support for this vital community institution.”

—Melinda Rogers is a communications manager at the S.J. Quinney College of Law.

Like Father, Like Daughter

Phil and Bev Uipi

Phil and Bev Uipi

Many families avoid talking about politics when they get together—but not the Uipi family. In fact, they’ve hardly talked anything but politics since last spring, when Bev Uipi MPA’15 decided to run for a seat on the Millcreek City Council.

After graduating from the University of Utah’s master of public administration program last year, Bev decided to use her degree to help start up her hometown of Millcreek. Bev began pounding the pavement in March to meet voters and get input for how to best create a local government for citizens of newly formed Millcreek City, which held township status up until 2015.

How to optimize time spent on the campaign trail is a skill Bev, now 40, learned while growing up in the same area where she herself came to run for office. Her father, Phil Uipi JD’86, in 1991 became the first Pacific Islander to be elected to the Utah State Legislature, where he served as a Republican in the Utah House of Representatives until 1994. Phil today recalls that he didn’t aspire to hold public office but simply followed a road that led him there.

Upon graduating from the U’s S.J. Quinney College of Law, he became one of the few practicing Tongan-American lawyers in Utah, a state where about 1 percent of the roughly 2. 9 million inhabitants are Pacific Islanders, according to the most recent census data available.

Content with building a law practice, starting a real estate brokerage firm, and raising a young family, Phil remembers how one day, a friend pressed him to consider a run for office representing District 36 in the East Millcreek and Olympus Cove areas of Salt Lake County. He decided to give it a shot and quickly recruited his family—including daughter Bev, then a teenager and a standout volleyball player at Skyline High School—to work the front lines of his campaign. The Uipi family canvassed the area together, meeting neighbors and handing out brochures and fliers. And when election day rolled around in November 1991, Phil made history as the first Tongan in Utah to win a seat in the state legislature.

“At first, I thought that because I was running as a minority candidate in an area like East Millcreek and Olympus Cove—where there wasn’t a lot of diversity at the time—I wondered if I could have a hard time earning community support. As the campaign developed, I found that people were very kind to me and my family. As we knocked on doors, people were appreciative of the kind of campaign we ran,” recalls Phil. “They were impressed with the fact that I worked hard and that my wife and my young children were really involved. The good people in our district trusted me and gave me the opportunity to represent them.”

Fast forward to 2016, when Phil again spent many hours knocking on doors, chatting with community members at town hall meetings, and making the rounds at neighborhood fundraisers. This time, however, instead of taking center stage to share his own vision for strong local government, he stepped aside to be the loudest cheerleader for his favorite candidate in the Millcreek City Council race: His daughter Bev.

The father-daughter duo spent the better part of 2016 campaigning together, often with Bev telling the family’s story of political involvement—and her hope to carry on her father’s legacy of service—to interested listeners in the community. Included in the canvassing mix during the campaign was Bev’s son Xane, 13, who got a taste of what his mom experienced in her own teenage years on the campaign trail with his grandpa. Now with the hindsight she didn’t have as a teen campaigning for her father, Bev says she’s more in awe of the barriers her father overcame to win his election years ago.

“I’m so proud of my dad,” she says. “I’m humbled by his boldness to go against all odds in Millcreek back then, and his perseverance to serve. To have my dad knocking door to door with me has meant the world to me.”

Phil and Bev both give credit to the University of Utah for playing an important role in helping them to reach their goal of becoming political candidates. Bev attended several “Real Women Run” events, a program spearheaded by the U’s Hinckley Institute of Politics to foster political ambitions of women. And her coursework through the U’s Executive MPA program provided solid tools to develop a framework for good public policy and leadership practices useful for a city council role, she says. Her work experience includes owning a business, being appointed community relations specialist to former Salt Lake County Mayor Peter Corroon, leading the Millcreek Senior Center to national accreditation as its manager, and most recently, being appointed as deputy director of the Board of Pardons and Parole for the State of Utah.

On November 8, 2016, Bev won the race with 57 percent of the votes. She takes her seat on the Millcreek City Council in January 2017. “I’m honored to have the opportunity to serve my neighbors and friends in the new City of Millcreek as their city councilwoman and hope to represent the wants and needs of my community well,” she says.

Phil says that like most parents, he wants his children to succeed and contribute to the community they live in. “I’ve always advised my daughter that whether she wins or loses is an issue for the people to decide. Her job is to be honest, up-front, and give it her all,” he says. “Bev did that. She is a service-oriented person who cares about others more than she cares about herself.”

Bev is quick to return the compliment. “If I can follow in my dad’s footsteps and build on the difference he started making in our community years ago, it will be time well spent in serving our community,” she says.

—Melinda Rogers is a PR/communications manager and writer at the University of Utah.

Cultivating Political Passion

Most days, the sun hadn’t risen yet. But that didn’t stop Connor Yakaitis BS’16 from starting legislative business at the Utah State Capitol at a time when many of his fellow University of Utah classmates were still hitting the snooze buttons on their alarms.

During the 45-day legislative session last year, Yakaitis, then a senior at the U, arrived at 6 a.m. for work as an intern with Sen. Jim Dabakis. Days spent watching the legislative process from a front-row seat fascinated Yakaitis, and often, he stayed at the capitol until nearly 10 p.m., soaking up the experience of life as a policy maker. Each day brought a new challenge, but also many rewards.

“I would constantly go back and forth between the floor of the Senate and the office to discuss current bills and votes with Senator Dabakis, often running full speed through the halls of the capitol,” recalls Yakaitis, whose internship placement came with help from the University of Utah’s Hinckley Institute of Politics. “I became well connected with many political figureheads and even got to sit in on weekly briefings with Governor Gary Herbert.”

Yakaitis’ political internship, like those of hundreds of other U students, is just one example of several initiatives—both formal and informal, and inside and outside the classroom—facilitated by the U to educate students on the political process and help them become a part of it.

A TOP INSTITUTE IN THE WEST

One of the most visible places on campus that connects students to political opportunities is the Hinckley Institute of Politics. Jason Perry JD’99, himself a former face in Utah politics, took the helm of the Hinckley Institute in 2015. And before he became a leader of one of the preeminent political institutes in academia, he too was a Hinckley intern.

A young Perry interned with Sen. Orrin Hatch in Washington, D.C., an experience that inspired him to later attend law school at the U’s S.J. Quinney College of Law and go on to work in the public sphere. He served as chief of staff to Utah Gov. Gary R. Herbert, where he helped the governor with a landslide victory in the November 2010 election. He joined the U as vice president for government relations in 2011.

Now, he also oversees the Hinckley Institute, the U’s flagship center for immersing students in the political process. Established in 1965 through funding from the Noble Foundation and Robert H. Hinckley (one of the founders of television network ABC), the institute dedicates itself to teaching students respect for practical politics and the principle of citizen involvement in government. During 2014-15, the institute observed its 50th anniversary by hosting a record-setting 116 political forums. And earlier this year, the institute made international headlines when Mitt Romney visited Gardner Hall for a discussion on the state of the 2016 presidential race.

The Romney event, although particularly high-profile, is emblematic of the institute’s well-known series of political forums, designed to enhance students’ learning opportunities and foster discussion and critical thinking about political issues in the world, says Perry. “All of our programs at the Hinckley Institute—from the forums to the voting initiatives to the internships themselves— are aimed at getting students exposure to the political process, and hopefully a respect for it and a desire to stay committed to it for their entire lives.”

The Hinckley Institute has coordinated more than 5,500 internships since its inception. Current U students Hunter Howe and Tanner Holcomb recently interned at the White House and with the campaign of Democrat presidential nominee Hillary Clinton, respectively. Any student at the U can work with the institute’s internship program, regardless of major, and former interns have gone on to work in government agencies, pursue impactful careers in the private sector, and, of course, hold public office.

Well-known names who got their start in politics through the institute include Karl Rove ex’71, former deputy chief of staff and senior advisor to President George W. Bush. And the Hinckley Institute’s Hall of Fame reads like a who’s who of Utah’s political elite: inductees include former U.S. senators Wallace Bennett BA’19, Bob Bennett BS’57, and Frank Moss BA’33, as well as past governors Norman H. Bangerter ex’60, Scott M. Matheson BS’50, Calvin Rampton JD’39, and Olene Walker PhD’87.

Dozens of other local government leaders served internships through the institute, and a host of up-and-coming leaders cite Hinckley as a starting block for their political aspirations. Over the summer, Don Willie BS’11 MPA’14 ran for a city council seat in the newly established city of Millcreek in Salt Lake County. Although he didn’t advance out of the June primary his first time around, he will likely be back for a future election.

“While my education gave me the academic knowledge to excel in the public sector, it was amplified by practical experiences through my involvement at the University of Utah,” says Willie.

A VOICE IN POLICY DISCUSSION

Kendahl with Chaffetz

Kendahl Melvin BA’15 with Congressman Jason Chaffetz, whose office hired her as a legislative assistant after her 2015 internship with the House Oversight Committee.

This year, the Hinckley Institute is partnering with the newly established Kem C. Gardner Policy Institute, an arm of the David Eccles School of Business, to produce a series of election products that will help Utah voters make educated choices.

Called “Informed Decisions 2016,” the collaboration aims to identify the most important issues on voters’ minds and host engaging and informative candidate conversations. The project includes creating election briefs that explain why an issue is important, what was learned from focus groups convened to gauge public opinion on issues, what the data teach us about the issue, and the policy options voters should consider. Initial snapshots explore infrastructure, taxation, and education. Candidate debates through November offer the public a chance to see candidates square off on differing viewpoints.

Elsewhere at the U, the master of public policy (MPP) and master of public administration (MPA) programs are also offering unique opportunities to learn how to shape public policy and opinions, and the programs have earned a reputation for producing students who earn top honors at the national Policy Solutions Challenge competition.

For three years in a row, U students have won the national championship at the competition’s final round in Washington, D.C. Earlier this year, Fatema Ahad MPP’16 and Annette Harris, both then students in the MPP program, were challenged to propose policy solutions for the lagging rate of college completion in the U.S. Harris continues in the MPP as well as master of public health program. Ahad, who graduated over the summer and aspires to a career in social policy as an analyst, praised the relevance of the knowledge and skills she gained in the MPP program.

“For instance, I learned about policy analysis, research design, best practices of research, and cost-effectiveness analysis exercises from the core classes of the program,” says Ahad. “Every class I took, my professors were there to inspire me. Every time I felt the pressure of grad school, they got me going.”

Beth Henke, program manager for the MPP program, says the U has established itself as a top institution of public policy through a strong and innovative academic program. “Most traditional public policy programs teach all of their courses out of one department. Our students pick electives from all over campus, providing them with the best experts the area has to offer,” Henke says. “I think this is what has allowed us to take top prize in the past three years on such diverse topics as employment for younger workers, drinking water supply, and increasing the national rate of college completion.”

“The three-peat is such an unprecedented achievement because it requires one program to be able to create innovative solutions to vastly different social problems,” she adds. “It requires a creativity and fluidity in problem solving that will allow our graduates to serve our country well as they tackle finding public policy solutions to issues facing our nation.”

EVOLVING WITH THE TIMES

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Associate Professor Lina Svedin and MPA students share a lighthearted moment in their Governance and the Economy class—one of the core classes in the program’s innovative curriculum.

At the heart of the U’s efforts to inspire students to participate in the political process is its Department of Political Science, which collaborates closely with the Hinckley Institute. Along with classic coursework in comparative politics, political theory, and government, the department has introduced a new area of emphasis called community involvement and nonprofit leadership. Now, besides the fundamental poli sci courses, students may enroll in classes such as “Neighborhood Democracy” and “Democratic Activism and Social Change.” The emphasis fits with the U’s mission of fostering student engagement with the community and preparing students for careers in the nonprofit and public service sectors, says Mark Button, chair of the department.

“What we’re doing is trying to rethink the way political science curriculum can address the kind of changes we can face locally as well as nationally,” says Button. “A lot of universities see the educational benefits of designing what we call transformative learning experiences. Students who get excited about their learning retain more and achieve more.” He adds, “We want to bring students into the classroom and develop their skills as civic advocates.”

The department has also added new courses to keep pace with current news and the changing political landscape. For example, Assistant Professor Jim Curry is teaching a course on political polarization this fall, exploring a topic that is highly visible in the presidential sparring on the campaign trail. Professor Ella Myers introduced a course on the politics of inequality.

And the learning opportunities aren’t only for full-time enrolled students. For 23 years, U political science instructor Tim Chambless has led a weeklong class titled “Capital Encounter” in Washington, D.C., which has been open to nontraditional students and others unable to pursue a traditional Hinckley internship in the District. This year, the course was offered through the U’s Osher Lifelong Learning Institute, for learners age 50 and older. Twenty community member students went with Chambless to the nation’s capital, where they toured the National Mall, U. S. Holocaust Memorial Museum, National Archives, and C-SPAN, and visited the Supreme Court Building.

“It’s a chance for full-blown U.S. government immersion,” says Chambless, who will continue to lead future excursions. “Our group experienced wonderful lectures and receptions.”

SHAPING FUTURE PARTICIPATION

By the time Yakaitis, the former Hinckley intern for Sen. Dabakis, graduated from the U last spring, he’d landed his current job as communications director for Charlene Albarran’s campaign for Congress in Utah’s 2nd Congressional District.

He’s been campaigning with his boss across the district, using skills he sharpened through both his senate internship and studying political science (with a minor in campaign management) at the U—opportunities for which he’ll always be grateful, he says.

“I have a full-time job in my major. I cannot thank the Hinckley Institute enough for getting me in the fast lane to a successful future,” says Yakaitis. “The whole internship experience was transformative.”

—Melinda Rogers is a PR/communications manager and writer at the University of Utah.

Web Extra: Two alumni competing in the same race share how the U has helped them and offer advice for others aspiring to political office in the short feature here.

In it to win it: Advice from two U alums in the same race

Mugs.v2In Utah House District 49, two graduates of the U’s MPA program are squaring off for a seat in the legislature to represent constituents from Salt Lake County. Although both are campaigning full throttle, they were willing to take a few moments to share how the U has helped them along their political paths and to offer advice for others aspiring to political office.

Robert Spendlove MPA’03 is running for reelection as the district’s rep (he began serving in 2014). He has also taught classes in public policy at the U.

Spendlove says his education was a critical part of his political path—helping him understand the motivation of all the actors in the public process, and providing him the necessary skills to communicate his ideas and persuade others to follow.

“The advice I always give to those at the early stages of their careers is, be willing to make sacrifices to accomplish your objectives,” Spendlove says. “Too many people expect to achieve a high level of success soon after finishing their university studies and starting their careers.”

Spendlove says he sacrificed higher-paying jobs for those with more opportunities to grow. “I was fortunate to work for the last four governors of the state,” says Spendlove, noting the bright and inspirational people he was surrounded by. “My achievements are due in large part to those people and all I was able to learn from them.”

Zach Robinson BA’05 MPA’13,a former firefighter and political intern, decided to run for office after seeing that people in Utah need strong leadership from those who can help them with health care and the aftermath of tragedy.

As an undergraduate, Robinson interned in the Utah House, where he learned about the political process. He said his time at the U—for both his undergraduate and master’s degrees—helped him understand politics and how to organize and legally mount a campaign.

He advises current students to get involved in a campaign while they’re still in school.

“Learning the day-to-day operations of a local election will make you a stronger candidate in the end,” Robinson says. “Also remember, you will not change someone’s political beliefs by running for office. What you can do is show them that you are a candidate who is willing to compromise and collaborate—two skills I learned as a student at the U.”

Melinda Rogers is a PR/communications manager and writer at the University of Utah.